ROOTCASTLE / ENGINEERING LAB
Misalignment
Connected shaft axes differ in angle or offset. Coupling type and thermal behaviour matter.
Mechanism
Connected shaft axes differ in angle or offset. Coupling type and thermal behaviour matter.
Typical symptoms
Axial vibration and 1×/2× components may increase; the pattern depends on coupling and load.
Measurement method
Measure three axes on both sides of the coupling and compare phase at the same speed.
Alternative explanations
Soft foot, looseness and shaft bow can produce similar patterns.
Additional measurements
Laser alignment, foot checks, cold/hot shaft positions and coupling inspection.
Likely frequency components
1×, 2×; harmonics / armónicos
Limitations: without speed, load, mounting and transmission-path context, these examples are not diagnoses. Spectrum examples are conceptual, not complete fault models or field measurements.
SIMULATED · NOT LIVE TELEMETRY
Vibration / FFT
Model and assumptions
512 samples; deterministic sinusoids and seeded noise. FFT is one-sided peak amplitude, not RMS. Δf = fs/N. Hann coherent gain is corrected; spectral leakage can remain. The 4.7× component is not a physical bearing-fault model.
Educational model. Results are not sufficient to diagnose a machine or establish safe operating limits.
Further reading: SKF — Vibrations help find faulty components ↗